000 04064cam 2200313 a 45eA
001 411891
005 20021017092248.0
008 910924s1992 enka b 001 0 eng
010 $a 91034726
015 $aGB92-30674
019 $a26633203
020 $a0198577419 (pbk.) :$c$26.00
035 $a(OCoLC)ocm24590894
035 $a411891
040 $aDLC$cDLC$dUKM$dAGL$dKMM$dOrLoB-B
049 $aKMMM
050 00 $aQH371$b.S72 1992
070 0 $aQH371.S72$b1992
072 0 $aL600
082 00 $a575$220
100 1 $aStearns, S. C.$q(Stephen C.),$d1946-
245 14 $aThe evolution of life histories /$cStephen C.
Stearns.
260 $aOxford ;$aNew York :$bOxford University
Press,$c1992.
300 $axii, 249 p. :$bill. ;$c25 cm.
504 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p.
[224]-243) and indexes.
505 2 $aThe forest -- The reef -- The plum -- The
albatross -- The problem -- Pt. I. The Elements of
Evolutionary Explanation. 1. Evolutionary explanation.
Context. Life history traits. An explanatory framework.
Chapter previews for Part I. Natural selection and fitness.
Adaptation and constraint. 2. Demography: age and stage
structure. Life tables. The Euler-Lotka equation.
Calculating r. The stable age distribution. Generation time.
Rates of increase. Reproductive value. Residual reproductive
value and the costs of reproduction. Age and stage
distributions. Fitness measures. Comment on fitness.
Sensitivity and elasticity. Situational sensitivity. Summary
of introductory demography -- Appendix: a Pascal program to
calculate r. 3. Quantitative genetics and reaction norms.
The basic model. Heritabilities of life history traits.
Selection on quantitative traits. How is genetic variation
for life history traits maintained? Genetic covariance.
Maximum likelihood estimates. Measurements of genetic
covariances for life history traits. Quantitative genetics
in heterogeneous environments. The heritability of
phenotypic plasticity. Other ways to quantify plasticity.
The integration of the plastic response. Connecting
quantitative genetics to demography. 4. Trade-offs.
Physiological trade-offs. Microevolutionary trade-offs:
intra-individual and intergenerational. Why might we observe
the 'wrong' trade-off? Current reproduction vs. survival.
Current vs. future reproduction. Reproduction vs. growth.
Current reproduction vs. condition. Number vs. size of
offspring. 5. Lineage-specific effects. Examples of
lineage-specific effects. What a lineage is and how to
define it. Applications of cladistics to ecology.
Statistical approaches to the comparative method. The origin
of phylogenetic effects. Discussion: can comparative results
demonstrate adaptation? -- Discussion overview --
Constraints -- The rate of evolution of life history traits
-- The interpretation of optimality models -- Pt. II. The
Evolution of the Major Life History Traits. 6. Age and size
at maturity. Patterns of maturation. Optimality models of
age and size at maturity. Predicting optimal age and size at
maturity: maximizing r. Extending the model from population
means to reaction norms. Predicting optimal age and size at
maturity: maximizing expected number of offspring. 7. Number
and size of offspring. Background: the natural history of
clutch and offspring size. Effects causing deviations from
the Lack clutch. Size of offspring. 8. Reproductive lifespan
and ageing. A phylogenetic perspective on lifespan.
Selection for longer reproductive lifespan 1: mean mortality
rates. Selection for longer reproductive lifespan 2:
variation in mortality rates. Intrinsic effects limiting the
lifespan of the disposable soma: ageing -- Life history
strategies -- Are any general models useful? -- Are there
any genetic constraints at all? -- Extensions of life
history theory -- Potential applications of life history
theory -- Paradoxes -- App. 1. Genetic correlations of life
history traits -- App. 2. Evidence on trade-offs -- App. 3.
Elementary allometry.
650 0 $aEvolution (Biology)
650 0 $aLife cycles (Biology)
994 $aE0$bKMM
